03123nab a22003857a 4500 OSt 20250331051209.0 250218t2024 |||uu||oo|||| 00| 0 eng d 2152-7199 JMCFI - Learning Resource Center Kira, Ibrahim 12312 Will to Exist, Live, Survive and Fight (WTELS-F) scale : initial psychometrics and validation of a long and a new short version / Ibrahim Kira, Hanaa Shuwiekh, and Amthal Huwailah. s.l. : Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2024. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract : The “will to exist, live, survive, and fight” “(WTELS-F)” scale was constructed using a pool of 26 items that were selected to represent the three factors of the construct: “will to exist,” “will to live,” and “will to survive and fight.” The study used two samples, one consisting of adolescents and young adults from Egypt (N = 610) and the other consisting of adults from Kuwait (N = 490). The study also used measures for resilience, post-traumatic growth (PTG), identity salience, and psychopathology. We conducted two exploratory factor analyses to examine the construct’s structural validity and its independence from similar constructs. The first was on the measure’s items, and the second was on the combined items of WTELS-F, resilience, and PTG. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the second sample. Correlation and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis were conducted to establish discriminant, convergent, and predictive criterion validity. Multigroup invariance was conducted to check the invariance of the measure and SEM model across genders. Results showed that WTELS-F was independent of resilience and PTG and explained a significantly larger variance. The measure and its short version had high internal consistency, test-retest stability, and adequate discriminant, convergent, divergent, and predictive validity. The measure and the SEM model were strictly invariant between genders. Finally, the study’s potential and limitations were briefly discussed. Will to exist, live and survive, and fight (WTELS-F). 12313 Post-traumatic Growth (PTG). 12314 Resilience. 12315 Identity salience. 12316 Social support. 12317 Suicidality. 12318 Psychometrics. 7868 Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). 12319 Psychopathology Screening Measure. 12320 Research. 146 Psychology Research. 5454 Quantitative research Structural Equation Model (SEM). 12321 Quantitative research Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). 12322 Journal articles (Open access). 11480 Shuwiekh, Hanaa 12323 Al Huwailah, Amthal 12324 , volume 15, number 2, (December 2024). Psychology https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=138242 OAER 0 lcc 4585 4585 0 0 0 0 DL DL 2025-02-18 0 2025-02-18 https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=138242 2025-02-18 OAER